It may also be used for the preliminary design of shell and heat exchangers in actual industrial. The two most common heat exchanger design problems are those of rating and sizing. Shell and tube type heat exchanger, indirect contact type heat exchanger. Cctherm is an integrated module for the design and rating of double pipe, shell and tube, plate and frame and air cooled heat exchangers in the chemcad suite. Design and fabrication of shell and tube heat exchanger m. Design and cfd analysis of shell and tube heat exchanger ijesc. Alternative milp formulations for shell and tube heat. The optimum thermal design of a shell and tube heat exchanger involves the consideration of many interacting design parameters which can be summarised as follows. A heat exchanger is a equipment used for transferring heat from one medium to another. Among all type of heat exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger most commonly used. Design and cfd analysis of shell and tube heat exchanger. In crossflow, the hot and cold fluid streams move perpendicular to each other. The following configurations are commonly used in the power and process industries.
Design and fabrication of shell and tube heat exchanger. For detail dimensions of the shell and tube exchanger form edibon company, see figure 2, which we have done experimented work. Pdf design of shell and tube heat exchanger with double passes. In the modeling of the problem, were considered baffles cut in 25% and operation. Shell andtube heat exchangers are one of the most important and commonly used process equipment items in the chemical process industries cpi. However, in this method there is a specific term used which describes an average temperature over the entire length of the apparatus. Gasketed joint leakage may be corrected by tightening the bolts of the headers. Compared to shellandtube exchangers, compact heat exchangers are characteriz. Cfd analysis of shell and tube heat exchanger for heat. In this type, there are two fluids with different temperatures, one of them flow through tubes and another flowthrough shell. Most shell andtube heat exchangers have multiple passes to enhance the heat transfer. The behavior of the fluid inside the internal circulation. Today, the company is devoted exclusively to the design, engineering and manufacture of.
The most common problems in heat exchanger design are rating and sizing. Assume tube diameter and bwg, assume tube length, l 2. Our optimization problem corresponds to the design of shell and tube heat exchangers with a single etype shell with single segmental baffles, applied for services without phase change in turbulent flow. Design of shell and tube heat exchanger epcm holdings. But many plant engineers have learned the hard way that fatigue resistance in a conventional plateand shell is poor. Design improvements of a shell and tube heat exchanger based on. Pdf design of shell and tube heat exchanger with double. For a given value of heat duty, a shell and tube heat exchanger. Thermal design considerations thermal design of a shell and tube heat exchanger typically includes the determination of heat transfer area, number of tubes, tube length and diameter, tube layout, number of shell and tube passes, type of heat exchanger fixed tube sheet, removable tube bundle etc, tube pitch, number of baffles, its type and. Such limitations apply only to exchangers with removable tube bundles, namely u tube and. An overview of heat exchanger design problems, a summary of key issues to cover in the design process, and a design methodology of heat exchangers is presented in this chapter. The tube pitch ratio pr ptdo is given as suggested in the problem description. The shell and tube heat exchanger design software is developed for use in the teaching of thermal and hydraulic design of shell and tube heat exchangers usually at the senior undergraduate level of a mechanical or chemical engineering course.
Shankar subramanian a lot has been written about designing heat exchangers, and specifically, shell andtube heat exchangers. The range of products comprises shellandtube heat exchangers, bolted and brazed plate heat exchangers as well as oil air cooling units and electrical oil. A typical heat exchanger, usually for higher pressure applications up to 552 bars, is the shell and tube heat exchanger. One set of these tubes contains the fluid that must be either heated or cooled. Compared to shellandtube exchangers, compact heat exchangers are characterized. The program will design and rate any type of shell and tube heat exchanger, sensiblesensible service plate and frame heat.
The performances of shell and tube heat exchanger mainly. The program will design and rate any type of shell and tube heat exchanger, sensiblesensible service plate and frame heat exchangers and air coolers. Therein, popular analytical techniques such as log mean temperature difference lmtd and effectivenessnumber of. Shellandtube heat exchangers can have multiple passes, such as 11, 12. However, a good understanding of the underlying principles of exchanger design is needed to use this software effectively. Performance analysis of shell and tube heat exchanger.
Tech thesis on shell and tube heat exchanger design using. Unlimited viewing of the articlechapter pdf and any associated supplements and figures. Dec 05, 2001 of heat exchangers, there is a certain method available which describes the heat transfer rate in a 11 heat exchanger with 1 shell pass and one tube pass. Design of shellandtube heat exchanger in solidworks.
Shell and tube heat exchanger design software for educational. The heating is to be accomplished by passing hot engine oil, which is at 160c, through the shell side of the exchanger. Shell and tube heat exchanger consist bundle of tubes enclosed with in cylindrical shell one fluid pass through the tubes and second fluid flows between the tube and shells. In counterflow, the hot and cold fluids enter the heat exchanger at opposite ends and flow in opposite direction. How to minimize fatigue problems in plateandshell heat. In this paper a modified model of shell and tube type heat exchanger which is having both interacting mediums as water and steam is designed. In a 14 pass heat exchanger, water flows through the length of the shell four times before exiting. The oil provides an average convection coefficient ho 400 wm2k on the outside of the tubes. Solving a traditional shell and tube heat exchanger problem.
The scope of this work was to design a shell and tube heat exchanger to meet the specifications provided in the problem statement. Process fluid assignments to shell side or tube side. Pdf design of shell and tube heat exchanger single. Mani bharathi, shams hari prasad mohan, santhosh sivan. Shell and tube heat exchangers consist of a series of tubes. Funke is a leader in the development and production of quality heat exchangers with a heat transfer area of up to 2 400 m the range of products comprises shellandtube heat exchangers, bolted and brazed plate heat exchangers as well as oil air cooling units and electrical oil preheaters. Introduction the main purpose of heat exchanger is the transfer of heat from one fluid to another. Heat exchanger gate questions lmtd, ntu design, shell. The tube pitch ratio pr ptdo is given as suggested in the problem descr.
E, assistant professor department of mechanical engineering, velammal institute of technology abstract. You may refer to standard heat transfer books 3 page 841842 for the selection of suitable shell id. A shellandtube heat exchanger has one fluid flowing through a bank of tubes, which is inside a larger. Pdhonline course m371 2 pdh shell and tube heat exchangers. The usual configuration of exchangers is for the hp fluid to be in the tubes and for lp water, cooling or heating media to be on the shell side. Optimization of shell and tube heat exchanger for tube. Appendix a glossary of heat exchanger terminology page 18. These heat exchangers are employed when a process required large quantities of fluid to be heated or cooled. Shell and tube heat exchangers basic calculations pdh online. A set of tubes is called the tube bundle and can be made up of several types of tubes. As you can see, in a 12 heat exchanger, the tube side fluid flows the entire length of the shell. The optimum thermal design of a shell and tube heat exchanger involves the consideration of many interacting design parameters which can be summarized as follows.
Nowadays, there are several commercial software programs available to assist heat exchanger designers, such as htri, and aspen shell and tube exchanger. Design and rating of shell and tube heat exchangers page 4 of 30 mnl 032a issued 29 august 08, prepared by j. Fluid engine oil sea water inlet temperature, c 65 20 outlet temperature, c 55 25 heat load, kw 117. Pdf design of shell and tube heat exchanger single phase. Basic construction of shell and tube heat exchangers shell and tube heat exchangers represent the most widely offering easier service, some manufacturers offer a low cost used vehicle for the transfer of heat in industrial process design that brazes the tubes to a thin tubesheet. Heat transfer optimization of shellandtube heat exchanger. Heat transfer mechanism shell and tube heat exchangers are typically used for high pressure applications with pressures greater than 30 bar and temperatures greater than b. Today, the company is devoted exclusively to the design. For example, the book by kern 1 published in 1950 details basic design procedures for a variety of heat exchangers. Incorporating fouling modeling into shellandtube heat. Setting shell side and tube side pressure drop design limits. It consists of a series of tubes, through which one of the fluids runs. A shell and tube heat exchanger is one of the most popular types of exchangers due to its flexibility. Shell and tube design and rating tube vibration analysis air cooler design and rating others plate and frame, platefin, spiral plate, hairpin, jacketed pipe, and fired heater, etc.
Figure 1 shell and tube heat exchanger 24 the flow arrangement in a shell and tube heat exchanger can also be parallel or countercurrent. The basic design equation and overall heat transfer coefficient the basic heat exchanger equations applicable to shell and tube exchangers were developed in chapter 1. How to design plateand shell heat exchangers for minimal fatigue plateand shell heat exchangers have become a popular alternative to shell andtube heat exchangers thanks to their high thermal efficiency and compact size. This article explains the basics of exchanger thermal design, covering such. The shell and tube heat exchanger is the major equipment used to transfer heat from one medium to another. The rating problem is concerned with the determination of the heat transfer rate, fluid outlet temperature, inlet temperature, heat transfer area and the sizing problem involves determination of the dimension of the heat exchanger. Heat exchanger design options and tritium transport. Heat exchangers permit exchange of energy from one fluid to another, usually without permitting physical contact between the fluids. Figure 2 the experimental unit of shell and tube heat exchanger 23. Heat exchangers jordan university of science and technology. Traditionally, it is a procedure strongly based on the designer experience. But the most widely used type is the shell andtube heat exchangers sthe which accounts for about 35 40% of heat exchangers found in industries 5 67.
Pdf basic construction of shell and tube heat exchangers. This paper demonstrates the first successful application of differential evolution, an improved version of. Introduction to design of shell and tube heat exchanger. The exchange of heat is one of the most important processes in the chemical industry. Design a double pipe heat exchanger with bare inner multitubes that can be used to cool engine oil with cold sea water. The hot and cold fluids alternate between each of the plates. The shell andtube heat exchanger design problem includes several interdependent qualitative and quantitative elements. The biggest problem in thermodynamics is to learn and recognize heat, work. Design and demonstration of a heat exchanger for a compact.
Pdf how to design a shellandtube heat exchanger mustafa. As re design parameters and considerations needs to be revised to meetthe reynolds number criteria subject to allowable pressure drop in the tube side of the heat exchanger. Pdf heat exchangers are equipments with the goal of making an energy. The usual configuration of exchangers is for the hp fluid to be in the tubes and for lp water, cooling or heating media to be on the shell. This is based upon tube bundle removal requirements and is limited by crane capacities. Here, we will cite only those that are immediately useful for design in shell and tube heat exchangers with sensible heat transfer on the shell side. The objective of this project is to design a shell and tube heat exchanger with segme ntal baffles and to study the flow. In shell and tube heat exchangers there is a potential for a tube to rupture and for high pressure hp fluid to enter and overpressurise the low pressure lp side of the heat exchanger. The optimum thermal design of a shell and tube heat exchanger involves the.
There is a major difference between the two heat exchangers. The heat exchanger unit is comprised of six, 14 pass shellandtube heat exchangers, a singlepass heat exchanger, and a steam condenser. As you can see, in a 12 heat exchanger, the tube side fluid flows the entire length of the shell, turns around and flows all the way back. If you are working on a project during either the basic or the detailed engineering phase, there is a good chance that you will need to specify one or more shell andtube exchangers and perhaps many. The second fluid runs over the tubes that are being heated or cooled so that it can either provide the heat or absorb the heat required. In this paper we have first designed a shell and tube heat exchanger to heat water from 40. Here is an example of a 12 1 shell pass and 2 tube passes heat exchanger. E1mnl032a design and rating of shell and tube heat. A plate type heat exchanger, as illustrated in figure 2, consists of plates instead of tubes to separate the hot and cold fluids. Heat exchangers doehdbk1018193 types of heat exchangers. Statement of the problem products of crude oil are used in different application. The most common type of heat exchanger used in industry contains a number of parallel tubes enclosed in a shell and is thus called a shell and tube heat exchanger. Fluid engine oil sea water inlet temperature, c 65 20 outlet temperature, c 55 25 heat.
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